Prevalence of Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome among Drillers in Islamabad

Abstract

Background: Hypothenar hammer syndrome is described as compression of the ulnar artery due to repetitive trauma on the hypothenar eminence. HHS is a rare and undiagnosed disorder among vibration-exposed workers at different occupational sites. Its prevalence is maximum in laborers, drillers, dentists, hammerers, motor mechanics, and carpenters. The primary symptoms of this condition are pain, numbness, tingling, and whitening of fingertips. This makes them prone to functional limitations and chronic pain that may lead to poor performance in their workplace. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome among drillers in Islamabad. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using the demographic data, manual diagnostic test, visual analogue scale, and self-administered Performa filled by the researcher to determine the prevalence of HHS among drillers in Islamabad. The study participants were drillers, aged between 30-45 years, working 6 to 8 hours daily. Data collection tools were Manual tests (capillary refill test and Allen test). Consent was taken from each participant before the study. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 26, in terms of descriptive analysis using frequency tables, bar charts, and crosstabs. Results: Hypothenar Hammer syndrome is prevalent among drillers in Islamabad. The result obtained was Allen test was negative (inadequate blood circulation) in 14.9% workers, and the capillary refill test was negative in 22.8% workers. Conclusion: Considering the results drawn, this study concluded that there is a prevalence of HHS among drillers in Islamabad.