Biopharming: In Plant Versus Microorganism Recombinant Biopharmaceuticals Production

Abstract

Biopharming is a relatively new field in biotechnology that uses transgenic organisms for the production of vaccines and therapeutic proteins for certain health-related conditions. Biopharming is developing day by day as it is safe, less time-consuming, and less expensive as compared to commercialized drugs that are in use. Many plants and microorganisms are used in biopharming, also known as molecular Pharming. These plants include alfalfa, barley, rice, banana, corn, tomato, potato, and many more. Recombinant vaccines are also produced in economically important microorganisms including some bacteria and yeast. Many of the biopharma drugs are approved by the Food and drug administration and many are under clinical trials. A much new technology implied in biopharming is edible vaccines, which cure disease by oral administration of antigens. This review intends to look at the food crops and microorganisms with a medically oriented new approach.  Fundamental developments, discoveries, and advances in biopharming are discussed, and finally to look forward at the future biomedical potential of molecular Pharming.