Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Color Vision

Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy, is a complication of diabetes, which damages the retina's blood vessels responsible for processing visual information, including color perception. The current study examines the effect of diabetes mellitus on color vision. Objective:  The current study examines the effect of diabetes mellitus on color vision.  Method: As part of our assessment, we employed the Ishihara color vision test to evaluate our patients' ability to perceive colors accurately. The Ishihara test is a widely used screening tool for detecting red-green color deficiency. It consists of multiple plates featuring variously arranged colored dots. Each plate displays numerals or symbols that individuals with normal color vision can readily identify. However, those with color blindness may have difficulty discerning or recognizing these numerals or symbols on the plates. Results: Among 300 patients, 162 are men (54%) and 138 are women (46%), all diagnosed with diabetes. Of the total patients, 105 individuals (35%) rely on medications to manage their diabetes, and 195 patients (65%) use insulin as part of their treatment. Furthermore, 125 patients (41.67%) have normal color vision, while 175 patients (58.33%) exhibit red-green color impairments. Conclusion: These findings suggest a possible link between diabetes and color vision issues. To establish the exact nature of this association, further investigation and analysis are essential. However, these results emphasize the possibility of shared underlying mechanisms between diabetes and color vision deficits, emphasizing the need for additional research and attention when caring for patients with these conditions.